高考英语中的语法填空题是考查学生综合语言能力的重要部分，它不仅测试词汇和语法知识，还考察考生对语境的理解能力。要想在这一题型中取得高分，掌握一定的解题技巧至关重要。以下是一些实用的解题方法以及针对性练习建议，帮助大家更好地应对高考英语语法填空。
一、解题技巧
1. 分析句子结构
在做语法填空时，首先要通读整个句子，明确句子的主谓宾结构。如果句子中有从句或并列句，要特别注意连接词的作用，比如引导定语从句的“which”、“that”，或者是表示因果关系的“because”、“so”。
2. 关注固定搭配
英语中有许多固定的短语搭配，例如“look forward to”（期待）、“be interested in”（对……感兴趣）。这些搭配通常需要特定的介词或其他单词来完成，因此在填空时要留意上下文是否符合固定表达的习惯用法。
3. 判断词性变化
根据上下文判断所缺单词的形式，比如名词复数形式、动词时态、形容词比较级等。有时候题目会故意设置干扰项，比如将原形动词误写成过去式，这就需要细心辨别。
4. 利用提示词
部分题目会在空格后给出提示词，如“to”、“of”、“by”等，这些提示词往往暗示了答案的方向。例如，“The teacher asked his students to write a report about...”，这里的“to”提示接下来应该填写一个动词原形。
5. 结合语境推测
有些题目可能没有直接给出提示词，这时就需要根据整句话的意思去推测最合适的选项。例如，“He is a person who always keeps his promise.” 这里的空格处应填入“who”，因为这是一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“person”。
二、练习题
为了巩固上述技巧，下面提供几道典型的语法填空练习题供同学们参考：
1. The book ______ (write) by him last year has been published recently.
2. She said she would go to the party, but she didn't show up. It's strange that she ______ (change) her mind at the last minute.
3. If you want to improve your English, you should practice speaking English as much as possible every day. Remember, practice ______ (make) perfect!
4. We were surprised to find that the river near our village had become so dirty that it was no longer suitable for fishing. What caused this pollution? Was it caused by chemicals ______ (dump) into the river?
5. Although he failed many times, he never gave up. He believed that success ______ (come) to those who work hard.
三、总结
通过以上分析可以看出，语法填空题虽然看似简单，但其实包含了很多细节和难点。只有平时多加练习，熟悉各种语法点，并且培养良好的阅读习惯，才能在考试中游刃有余。希望同学们能够灵活运用上述技巧，在未来的高考中取得优异的成绩！
